hewitt



(NoModel.)

H. H. HEWITT.

JOURNAL BEARING. No. 306,921. Patented Oct. 2l, 1884.

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6" `6L u J d i y jizz/672227 llivrrnn STATES @Aralar @erica 'HERBERT ll.HEVITT, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

JOURNAL-BEARING.

QLCEPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 306,921, dated October21, 1884.

Application tiled September 1T, 1894,

'o all wlw/it it may concer/t.-

le it known that I, HERBERT II. Hn'wrr'r, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at New York, county andv State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Journal-Bearings, of`which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of journal-bearings composed of ahard metal shell and a soft metal filling, and known as filled orshell77 bearings. The hard-metal shells of such bearings are usuallyprovided with internal ribs of various forms, which extend up throughthe soft metal and bear on the journal, and they are not self-fittingunder the initial pressure and friction due to the load and rotation ot'the journal, as the ribs are made so broad as to retain their form undersuch circumstances, for which reasons this class of j our1'1al-bearings,when iirst applied to the journals, are liable to become sufficientlyheated to cause the soft metal to flow out of the shells. The principaladvantage of this class of bearings over solid hardmetal journal-vbearings is that of cheapness, as the soft metal is much less expensivethan the hard metal which it displaces.

Now, the object of this invention is to so construct journal-bearingsthat, while the advantage of' cheapness pertaining to the shell orfilled class of bearings is retained, they shall also possess theproperty essential to a perfect bearing of self fitting or adjust-menton the journal when first applied thereto, by which excessive ordangerous heating of the same is avoided. To accomplish this desirableresult, l make the ribs and end flanges of the hardmetal shell lowerthan has heretofore been the practice, so that they do not extend to the(No model.)

struction, as set forth in said Letters Patent, are added to that due toshell-bearings, with the further gain that l am enabled to materiallyadd to the strength ofthe shell by continuing the internal ribs out tothe sides or corners ot' the shell without incurring any trouble iniilling the shell with the soft metal, for the spaces between the taperproje tions on the ribs and end flanges permit ot' the really flowing ofthe soft metal into all the chambers formed by such continuet'l ribsfrom one place of pouring said soft metal, as hereinafter described.

In bearings made according to this invention the only parts ol thehard-metal shell in contact with the journal when iirst applied are thepoints or sharp edges of the projec-` tions on the ribs and end flanges,which extend to the surface ofthe soft-metal filling,and which, whilepreventing the excessive displacement ot' thesoft metal, yield to theload and friction sutliciently to allow the journal to beditself intothe soft metal, and have a uniform contactrbearing even when a newshell-bearing of this construction is applied to an old axle whosejournal-surfaces are irregular by being worn into ridges. And, further,the property peculiar to my previousiir vention, as embraced inthebefore-mentioned Letters Patent, of a gradual change from a soft ltoa hard metal bearing-surface as the bearing wears away is retained inthis invention in so far as the ribs and end fianges are concerned, thesoft metal in the chambers formed by the internal ribs constituting thebearing material in such parts ot' the bearing until the same becomes soworn as to be unfit for further use. y

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of' this specification,Figure l is a longitudinal central section of the completed bearing.Fig. 2 is an underneath plan viewshowingsurface with the soft-metalfilling partly broken away. Fig. 3 is a'transverse section on the linex. Fig. 4c is an end elevation, andv Fig. 5 is a view otl the hard-metalshell, showing modifications in the ribs and taper projections.

The shell a is of the usual form as regards its exterior. The walls are,as shown, made as uniform in thickness as is compatible with IOO thet'orm otn thebearing. arranged diagonally in the shell a are the ribs bI), which cross and join in the center ot" the bearing and connect attheir ends to the corners l'ormcd by the side walls and end llanges, cc. These ribs Z l) and end tlanges, c c, are taper in l'orm to permitot' the proper molding ot' the shell, and they do not extend to theinitial bearing-snrlace ol' the bearing, but are provided at their upperl'aces with a series of conical projections, l d', integral therewith.The conical projections d' on the end flanges, c c, are so placed thatthe sol`tmetal lining c, when poured in' the shell, extends to the endsof the shell, so as to l'orm sot`t=metal end bearings, c c', against thelilA lets of the journal. By continuing the ribs,`

which need not necessarily be ot' the l'ornr shown, so as to join thewalls ot' the shell u, said shell is made very stili? and strong, usingin its construction a minimum amount ot' met al, and as these ribs donot extend to the hearing-surface no obstruction is opposed to theproper tlowing ot' the sott-metal lining c into all parts ot' the shell.lhe tilling ol' the shell is accomplished by lirst preparing the insideot' the shell with the ribs and taper p rov jections, so that the sol'tmetal will adhere lirmly thereto, then placing it against a corecorresponding in shape and size to the jon rnal with which the bearingis to be used,with the points ol' the taper projections ol' the shell.only in contact with the cylindrical part ot' the core. The sott metalis then poured into the shell at one end thereof, the spaces be-A tweenthe taper projections aft'ordi ng sutlicient passages l'orthe soft metalto tlow through and lill all parts ot the shell and surround the saidtaper projections, and also t'ornithe edge bean ings, c' c', which comein contact with the lillcts of thejonrnals.

'In the modileations shown in Fig. 5 two sets ot' diagonal ribs, fj",connect the walls ol a l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l the shell a,instead otl one seti, as shown in ,L the other Views, and it is evidentthat thcribs l) l) or ff and end llanges, c c, may be provided withtaper projections oli' any ol'l the :t'orms described in thebefore-xnentioncd lietters Patent, having points or sharp edges for theobject: set forth, and in this View are shown a series ot pyramids, y g,on one hall' ol' the shell, and on the other halt' a series ot` elonlhesaid taper gated sharlii-edgcd ridges, /i 71,.

projections, whatever their torni7 so interlock `with the sott metal,whose bearing-surface, j when li rst made, one continuous snrl'ace ot' 1sol't metal, with the exception ol' the places where the points or sharpedges ot the proj eetions are, that the lateral and longitudinaldisplacement o' said sol't metal by the j 'iressure and friction ol' thejournal is practically prel 1 l l l rented, and as these taperprojections wear away they cause a gradual transition from abearingsurlace, consisting ol" soft metal and points or lines of hardmetal, or a snrl'ace ol'sot't metal and minimum ot'hard metal. to oneot' 65 soft metal, `and the maximum ot' hard metal. llt evident that:the ribs may have one continuons taper from their bases to their sharpedges.

Whatis here meant by sott7 in eontradistinction to hard metal ametal oralloy lining whose metti 11g-point is below that ol;l the hard-metalshell.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isn

Il. In a shell-l )caring7 a hard-metal shell having internal ribsprovided with taper projeo tions, in combination with a sott-metaltilting surrounding or covering the same, substalr tially as and t'orthe purpose set l'orth. g

2. ln aselt' littingsh lll-bearinga hard-metal shell having end [langesand internal ribs, and taper projections on the end tlanges integraltherewith, in con'ibination with a lilling ofsot't metal which extendsabove the ribs and end [langes and surrounds the taper projections,substantially as and l'or the purpose set forth.

ti. ln aseltliittingshellbearing,al1ard-metal shell haring end llanges,and internal ribs conv necti ng the corners ot'theshell, said t'langesand ribs being provided with taper j noiections, in combination with asott metal, iilling the hard-metal shell and surrounding the said taperprojections, substantially as and tor the purpose set t'orth.

ln a shell-bearing, ahard-metal shell having end tlanges provided withtaper projections integral therewith, in combination with a sott-metallillin g corerin g the sa me and forming sot't1-met:al end bearings.t'or the tillets ol' too the journal, substantially as and l'or thepurpose set t'orth,

.7. The combination, .in a selltitting shellhearing, ot' a hard-metalpart composed ot' the shell a, ribs Z l1, end llanges, c c, and taper m5projections d d', with a sol't-1netal filling, c e', substantially asset torth.

t5. ln a Shelllwaring, in combination, a hardmetal shell. andsot't1netal tilting, said. shell lnrving internal ribs projecting to thesurface 11o ot' the soll-metal lilling in points or sharp edges,substantiallyas and lor the purpose set l'orth.

ln testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand at New York, county andState of 115 .New nYork, this 16th day ot' September, 1882i.

lllltl ll''l 'l' l. l IIENVII" "Witnesses:

murano tin tentoon, lll. D. bnmrns.

